https://www.cas.cn/cm/202606/t20260625_5113296.shtml

The CAS Innovation Academy for Quantum Information and Quantum Technology and QuantumCTek Co., Ltd. have developed a dilution refrigerator ez-Q F1500.

Dilution refrigerators are critical core equipment for building superconducting quantum computers. They provide an ultra-low-temperature environment—approaching absolute zero—for quantum computing chips. When paired with shielding systems, they effectively suppress electromagnetic interference and vibration. As chip capacity scales from dozens of qubits to hundreds or thousands, dilution refrigerators must deliver higher cooling capacities while accommodating a greater number of cryogenic cables and amplifiers.

Currently, the cooling capacity of commercial single-core dilution refrigerators typically ranges from 400 to 800 microwatts, making it difficult to meet the demands of thousand-qubit superconducting quantum computers. The standard international approach involves connecting at least two core units in parallel; however, this significantly increases system complexity and poses challenges for long-term, stable operation.

To address this, the Innovation Academy for Quantum Information and Quantum Technology completed the prototype development of a “high-power dilution refrigerator with a single dilution unit” in 2025, achieving a technical breakthrough of 40 microwatts of cooling capacity at 20 millikelvins. Building on this foundation, QuantumCTek built the ez-Q F1500—relying on just a single core—achieves a cooling capacity of 1,700 microwatts at 100 millikelvins and 48 microwatts at 20 millikelvins, with a base temperature reaching approximately 5.42 millikelvins. Its single-core cooling capacity represents a world-leading level of performance.

This single-core, high-cooling-capacity product will facilitate improvements in system architecture simplification and the long-term reliability of cryocoolers for China’s kilobit-scale superconducting quantum computers.