https://spc.jst.go.jp/news/230902/topic_5_02.html

The percentage of Chinese citizens with scientific backgrounds rose to 12.93% in 2022, up 2.37 percentage points from 10.56% in 2008, according to the 12th Chinese Public Scientific Background Sampling Survey. The term “scientifically literate” refers to the ability to respect the scientific spirit, formulate scientific ideas, grasp basic scientific methods, understand necessary scientific and technological knowledge, and apply them to analyze, judge, and solve problems. The percentage of residents with scientific backgrounds was 15.94% in urban areas and 7.96% in rural areas, with the gap narrower than before. By gender, the percentage of males and females rose to 14.77% and 10.98%, respectively.